Abdomen
Kidney
This structure is present in the model and can be selected, rotated and isolated. No written description has been recorded for it yet — the atlas will show you its system and its position.
NEET points
Class 11 · Unit V · Human Physiology · Excretory Products and their Elimination
- A pair of reddish-brown bean-shaped organs against the back wall of the abdomen, each holding about one million nephrons — the functional units.
- Glomerular filtration rate is about 125 mL a minute, close to 180 litres a day. Nearly 99 per cent is reabsorbed, which is why only 1 to 1.5 litres of urine leaves the body.
- The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs about 70 to 80 per cent of the filtered electrolytes and water.
- The loop of Henle and the vasa recta set up the counter-current that concentrates urine; the juxtaglomerular apparatus releases renin when glomerular blood pressure falls.
- Humans are ureotelic: the liver makes urea, and the kidney removes it.
Chapter numbering moved when NCERT rationalised its books in 2023 and the NTA has revised the NEET syllabus since, so this maps by unit and title. It is a study aid, not a syllabus.