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Abdomen

Stomach

How to spot it. A J-shaped muscular sac in the upper left abdomen, between the oesophagus and the small intestine.

What it does. Stores swallowed food, mixes it with acid and pepsin, and releases it gradually into the duodenum.

Where it sits. Lies below the diaphragm and left lobe of the liver; empties through the pylorus into the duodenum.

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NEET points

Class 11 · Unit V · Human Physiology · Digestion and Absorption

  • Four regions in NCERT order: cardiac, fundic, body and pyloric.
  • Gastric glands hold three cell types — mucus neck cells, chief or peptic cells that secrete pepsinogen, and parietal or oxyntic cells that secrete HCl and the intrinsic factor needed to absorb vitamin B₁₂.
  • HCl holds the stomach near pH 1.8 and converts pepsinogen into pepsin, which begins the digestion of protein.
  • Rennin, which curdles milk protein, is present in infants only.

Chapter numbering moved when NCERT rationalised its books in 2023 and the NTA has revised the NEET syllabus since, so this maps by unit and title. It is a study aid, not a syllabus.

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Kalviyogi MBBS is an educational platform. It is not a substitute for professional medical diagnosis or treatment.

Built on the open-source Human Atlas by Ashe Magalhaes. Anatomy from BodyParts3D (© The Database Center for Life Science, CC BY 4.0) and the HuBMAP Human Reference Atlas (CC BY 4.0). Those datasets keep their own licences and attribution; the application code is MIT.